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| January 2026 |
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75 |
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| 傳播論壇Communication Forum |
| 重估1980年代中國互聯網的奠基時刻— 省思一個沒有互聯網的互聯網時代 |
| Re-evaluating the Foundational Moments of the Chinese Internet in the 1980s: Reflecting on an Internet Era Without the Internet |
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| 作者 |
方興東、王奔、鍾祥銘 |
| Author |
Xingdong FANG, Ben WANG, Xiangming ZHONG |
| 關鍵詞 |
中國互聯網、資訊革命、《第三次浪潮》、互聯網史 |
| Keywords |
Chinese Internet, information revolution, The Third Wave, history of the Internet |
| 摘要 |
互聯網與中國1980年代，雖然還沒有正式完成聯接，但是它們在共同的時代精神層面，無疑已經互聯互通。1980年代，互聯網從美國的實驗室研發階段進化為具有多用途的實用階段，並通過全球高校體系悄然完成全球化基礎過程，為1990年代的商業化浪潮打下關鍵基礎。這一時期，互聯網不僅推動了技術創新和基礎設施完善，還加強了全球科學共同體的聯繫。互聯網雖然還沒有完全在中國普及，但1980年代的中國正值改革開放初期，對外經濟技術交流大幅度增長。互聯網依然通過思想啟蒙層面、社會經濟層面以及學術交流層面等多維度掀起中國的資訊革命思潮。不但有《第三次浪潮》（The Third Wave, 1980）在中國社會引起激烈的思想博弈，也有科研機構和外資企業開始嘗試接入互聯網，更有海外訪問學者和留學生等代表群體促進科學技術的溝通交流，推動科學共同體這張「底層網路」的影響向中國延展。正是這種多重作用，為中國互聯網在 1994 年的正式接入做出了準備，也豐富並拓展了全球互聯網的發展空間。1980年代作為中國互聯網關鍵的啟蒙階段，不但為1990年代初期互聯網接入做好了充分的準備，更為未來的迅猛發展奠定了良好的系統性基礎，值得我們梳理和探究。解析和重估1980年代對中國互聯網的影響，對於我們理解中國互聯網的起源和發展，面向未來，有著特別意義。 |
| Abstract |
In the 1980s, China and the Internet, although not yet officially connected, were undoubtedly linked in the zeitgeist. In that decade, the Internet evolved from a research and development tool in American laboratories into a multipurpose practical instrument and quietly completed the process of globalization in university systems, laying a crucial foundation for the commercialization wave of the 1990s. In this period, the Internet not only promoted technological innovation and enhanced infrastructure but also strengthened connections within the global scientific community. Although not yet widespread in China during the 1980s, when the country was at the beginning of its reform and opening-up policy, there was a significant increase in foreign economic and technical exchanges. The Internet helped trigger an information revolution in China through freer access to ideas, socio-economic aspects, and academic exchanges. Such interactions included the intense ideological contest in Chinese society sparked by The Third Wave (1980) and the experimental Internet connections attempted by research institutions and foreign-funded enterprises. Additionally, groups such as visiting scholars and overseas students facilitated the communication of science and technology, propelling the scientific community’s underlying network to extend its influence in China. This prepared China in various ways for official Internet integration in 1994 while also enriching and enhancing the developmental space of the global Internet. The 1980s, as a key enlightenment stage for the Internet in China, not only witnessed comprehensive preparations for initial access in the early 1990s but also laid a solid systemic foundation for the Internet’s rapid future development, which deserves systematic collation and exploration. Analyzing and re-evaluating the influence of the 1980s on the Chinese Internet is of special significance for understanding its origins and development with a future-focused outlook.
本文引用格式：
方興東、王奔、鍾祥銘（2026）。〈重估1980年代中國互聯網的奠基時刻— 省思一個沒有互聯網的互聯網時代〉。《傳播與社會學刊》，第75 期，頁183–214。
Citation of This Article:
Fang, X., Wang, B., & Zhong, X. (2026). Re-evaluating the foundational moments of the Chinese Internet in the 1980s: Reflecting on an Internet era without the Internet. Communication and Society, 75, 183–214. |
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